Methylene blue is the oldest pharmaceutical that is still in use. It has historically been used as an antidote for certain types of poisoning/toxicity as well as in the treatment of sepsis.  The properties of methylene are diverse and appear to include treatment of certain stationary phases of infections as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. In this lecture, I will review the mechanisms of methylene blue and how that might help our kids on the spectrum.  I will focus on the benefit of methylene blue on the mitochondria as well as using methylene blue for some of the underlying causes for PANS syndromes.